Achilles tendon is the key structure to connect the heel and foot plantar flexors and transmit the force from the leg triceps muscle, which is the key to storing and releasing energy storage during running and jumping. At present, the primary causes of Achilles tendon injury are non-homologous loading during stance phase and deficient recovery after overload. However, the relevant measures to prevent Achilles tendon injury cannot achieve full recovery. This paper reviewed the research progress of Achilles tendon’s motor function and its application in biomechanics domestically and internationally, reconsidering the role of Achilles tendon in human running and jumping which included anatomical structure of the Achilles tendon, the relationship between internal force and external force, and the effective training program. The key for future research on motor function of Achilles tendon is to improve its mechanical properties, keep the increased load in a better range and ultimately improve motion performance and reduce sports injury from the source.