Objective To select the preload and afterload of the silicone tube flow chamber to simulate the pulsatile fluidshear stress and circumferential stress under physiological conditions. Methods Based on in vivo pulsatile fluid shearstress and circumferential stress waveforms, the radius, pressure and flow waveforms in the silicone tube chamberwere inversely calculated in case of the geometrical and mechanical property of silicone tube flow chamber were given.The afterload, i.e. input impedance, of the silicone tube flow chamber was then determined based on the obtainedpressure and flow waveforms. Finally, the input impedance was simulated by a nine-element lumped parameter modelproposed by Z. G. Fung et al. Results The modulus and phase simulated by the nine-element lumped parameter modelcould fit the goal input impedance well. Conclusion The method and results provided a reliable theoretical base forselecting appropriate the preload and afterload of silicone tube flow chamber to construct a silicone tube flow chambersystem which would simulate arterial pulsatile fluid shear stress and circumferential stress environment.