Trophoblast cell (TC) invasion of the uterine endometrium is an essential process in the remodeling of the uterine vasculature. TCs enter endometriurn firstly, then invade the endometrial capillaries, migrating within the uterine vasculature, and eventually reside in the spiral arteries of the uterus. After that, those intravascular TCs remodel the spiral arteries to ensure enough blood supplies to the fetal. The direction of blood flow is from the spiral arteries to the microvessels, which suggests that the migration of trophoblast cells is against the stream of blood flow. This paper has summarized recent studies on the unique migratory phenomenon of TCs mainly in the terms of methodology including the cell model employed and the research methods involved, in addition to the factors regulating the migration of TCs, with a view to providing theoretical basis and reference on this field.