Objective To improve the performance of artificial joint at biological fixed interface by frettingmechanical stimulation. Methods Taking the bonding sample of active rat bone tissues and inactive titanium bead coating as the research object, by using the self-developed fretting mechanical stimulation test device, the effects of mechanical stimulation with different tangential fretting amplitudes on growth promotion and micro-injury of bone tissues at fixed interface were explored, and the mechanism of growth promotion and micro-injury of bone tissues on the surface of titanium bead coating under fretting stimulation was revealed. Results The mechanical stimulation group with 40 μm fretting amplitude showed the maximum interface bonding force between bone tissues and titanium bead coating. The tangential fraction force-displacement curves changed from elliptic shape to linear shape, and the bonding interface was in adhesion area, which was difficult to become loose. The bone tissues had the most complete structure, and the number of tissue cells adhering and growing on the surface of titanium bead coating was the largest, as well as the distribution range was the widest. With the increase of fretting amplitude, the promoting effect of fretting stimulation on bone growth weakened, the bonding strength between bone tissues and titanium bead coating interface gradually decreased, the internal cavity area increased, the number and proliferation activity of tissue cells decreased to varying degrees as well. Conclusions Fretting stimulation with different amplitudes can promote the growth of bone tissue and cause micro-injury at the same time, and the optimal fretting amplitude is 40 μm.