Objective The plantar fascia and windlass mechanism are important for maintaining the function of the foot and arch. This study aims to explore the relationship between plantar fascia stiffness and windlass mechanism and their impact on the arch, and to provide a biomechanical mechanism explanation for plantar fascia and arch-related problems. Methods A foot-plate model with a flexion angle of 30° at the metatarsophalangeal joint was successfully constructed. The musculoskeletal model was combined with a three-dimensional finite element analysis method, and the dynamic data of the foot under a walking state of 5 km/h was obtained using dual fluoroscopic